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Prabhuraj, A.
- Generation and Evaluation of Nanoparticles of Supernatant of Photorhabdus luminescens (Thomas and Poinar) against Mite and Aphid Pests of Cotton for Enhanced Efficacy
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur 584 104, IN
2 Department of Processing and Food Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur 584 104, IN
1 Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur 584 104, IN
2 Department of Processing and Food Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur 584 104, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 112, No 11 (2017), Pagination: 2312-2316Abstract
Cell-free supernatant of Photorhabdus luminiscens was converted to nanoparticles (NPs) using a spray dryer fitted with ultrasonic nozzle. NPs were characterized by both scanning electron microscopy and zeta size analyser, and found to have average particle diameter of 89 nm. While converting to NPs, gum arabica @ 3% was used to eliminate hygroscopic property. Nanoparticulated supernatant exhibited superior pesticidal property against serious sucking pests of cotton, viz. Tetranychus macfarlanei and Aphis gossypii. On mites, NPs of P. luminiscens recorded lower median lethal concentration (LC50 : 0.0001 ppm) compared to normal form (8.36 x 102 ppm) within 12 h of exposure. Similarly, on aphids, lower LC50 (LC50 : 0.0027 ppm) was recorded by NPs compared to normal form (LC50 : 2.12 x 103 ppm). High mortality coupled with quick action emphasizes the potential of nanotechnology in enhancing the pathogenicity of a microbial pesticide.Keywords
Aphid, Cotton, Mite, Nanoparticles, Photorhabdus luminescens.References
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- Dabron, P. J., Waterfield, Y., Sharma, S. and Ffrench-Constant, R. H., A single Photorhabdus gene, makes caterpillars floppy (mcf), allows Escherichia coli to persist within and kill insects. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2002, 99, 10742–10747.
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- Uma, G. P., Prabhuraj, A. and Nandini, Pathogenicity of a symbiotic bacterium, Photorhabdus luminescens cells and its secretion against Tetranychus macfarlanei (Tetranychidae : Acari). Green Farm., 2015, 6, 377–380.
- Uma, G. P., Prabhuraj, A. and Vimala, Bio-efficacy of Photorhabdus luminescens, a symbiotic bacterium against Thrips palmi Karny (Thripidae : Thysanoptera). J. Biopestic., 2010, 3, 458–462.
- Tolaymat, M. T., Badwy, M. A., Genaidy, A., Scheckel, G. K., Luxton, P. T. and Suidan, M., An evidence-based environmental perspective of manufactured silver nanoparticle in syntheses and applications: a systematic review and critical appraisal of peerreviewed scientific papers. Sci. Total Environ., 2010, 408, 999–1000.
- Murthy, S., Vineela, V. and Vimaladevi, P. S., Generation of nanoparticles from technical powder of the insecticidal bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki for improving efficacy. Int. J. Biomed. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 2014, 3, 230–239.
- Bioassay of Insecticides against Okra Leafhopper Amrasca biguttula Biguttula (Ishida)
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Agriculture Extension Education Centre, Bheemarayanagudi (Karnataka), IN
2 AICRP on Groundnut, Main Agricultural Research Station (U.A.S.), Raichur (Karnataka), IN
3 Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur (Karnataka), IN
1 Department of Agriculture Extension Education Centre, Bheemarayanagudi (Karnataka), IN
2 AICRP on Groundnut, Main Agricultural Research Station (U.A.S.), Raichur (Karnataka), IN
3 Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur (Karnataka), IN
Source
International Journal of Plant Protection, Vol 10, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 364-368Abstract
Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus L. (Moench)] also known as lady’s finger is an important vegetable crop valued for its immature, tender and green fruits in India.One of the major bottlenecks in successful production of okra is the damage caused by early season sucking pests and fruit borers. Among the sucking pests leafhoppers (Amrasca biguttula biguttula) is undoubtedly more severe and destructive on okra during early stage of the crop. At present, most of the commonly used insecticides are not able to suppress its population below economic thresholds probably because of development of resistance. Among the different insecticides tested for bioassay under laboratory conditions, thiamethoxam 25 WDG at 0.2 g per litre and flonicamid 50 WG at 0.3 g per litre showed the highest mortality and was followed by fipronil 5 SC at 1 ml per litre, dinotefuran 20 SG at 0.2 g per litre and acetamiprid 20 SP at 1 g per litre which proved to be superior over imidacloprid 17.8 SL at 0.3 ml per litre, diafenthiuron 50 WP at 1 g per litre, lamda-cyhalothrin 5 EC at 0.5 ml per litre, emamectin benzoate 5 SG at 0.2 g per litre, fenpyroximate 5 SC at 1ml per litre and acephate 75 SP at 1 g per litre.The concentration mortality response of nymphs to these chemicals under laboratory was evidenced through leaf dip bioassay and the LC50 values for these chemicals were computed. The LC50 value of thiamethoxam 25 WDG, flonicamid 50 WG, fipronil 5 SC, dinotefuran 20 SG and acetamiprid 20 SP were 4.03, 4.50, 16.18, 7.60 and 16.40 ppm respectively.The different insecticides which were promising through laboratory were field evaluated and the results revealed that thiamethoxam 25 WDG at 25 g a. i. per hectare was found to be effective against the leafhoppers followed by flonicamid 50 WG at 75 g a. i. per hectare, fipronil 5 SC at 25 g a. i. per hectare, dinotefuran 20 SG at 20 g a. i. per hectare and acetamiprid 20 SP at 20 g a. i. per hectare. Whereas, acephate 75 SP at 375 g a. i. per hectare was least effective against the leafhoppers.Keywords
A. biguttula Biguttula, Bioassay, Okra.References
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